After a very short period with Gisella Ferreira, it becomes evident that samba is not merely a dance or a musical genre; it is the heartbeat and cultural identity of a country. With its roots deeply embedded in Afro-Brazilian heritage, samba has become a symbol of celebration, resistance, and unity.
“It goes way back for me,” Ferreira credits her father and aunt for instilling the passion and fundamentals of dance in her from an early age. “Normally, in Western culture, we tend to just play with babies; it is widespread in Brazilian culture to start moving the hips of a baby and teaching them samba. My father and my aunt did that, and both were an influence on my love for dance. I just loved to dance and ended up taking up all forms of dance like ballet and hip-hop, but my way of connecting to my Brazilian culture and my roots is through samba.”
The roots of samba reach back to the fusion of African rhythms brought by enslaved Africans to Brazil during the colonial period, mixed with cultural elements from Portuguese colonizers. The word “samba” itself likely originates in the Kikongo language, spoken in parts of Central Africa. It initially emerged in the marginalized communities of Rio de Janeiro, most notably in the favelas (slums).
“The history of our culture is expressed with Samba.” There is a palatable passion in Gisella’s voice, “It traces back to the Portuguese, the colonizers, native Brazilians, Afro-Brazilians to modern day. The dance acknowledges our history: the hardships, the fight, and eventually the small earned freedoms we have now.”
These early forms of samba were indeed raw expressions of Afro-Brazilian culture, rooted in percussion and dance. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, samba began to gain recognition and widespread acceptance in Brazilian society. The genre adapted to new instruments, incorporating European influences such as guitars and flutes. Samba schools, like Mangueira and Portela, were established in Rio de Janeiro, providing a structured platform for samba to thrive. These schools helped organize the famous Carnival parades in Rio De Janeiro, an annual celebration where samba plays a central role.